Administrative divisionsnone (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure
0-14 years: 23.8% (male 1,569; female 1,523)
15-64 years: 69.4% (male 4,641; female 4,385)
65 years and over: 6.8% (male 396; female 494) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products
small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising
Airports
3 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways
total: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways
total: 2
under 914 m: 2 (2003 est.)
Area
total: 102 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 102 sq km
Area - comparative
about half the size of Washington, DC
Background
Colonized by English settlers from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla was administered by Great Britain until the early 19th century, when the island - against the wishes of the inhabitants - was incorporated into a single British dependency, along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980, with Anguilla becoming a separate British dependency.
Birth rate
14.45 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget
revenues: $22.8 million
expenditures: $22.5 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2000 est.)
Capital
The Valley
Climate
tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds
Coastline
61 km
Constitution
Anguilla Constitutional Order 1 April 1982; amended 1990
Country name
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Anguilla
Currency
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Currency code
XCD
Death rate
5.46 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external
$8.8 million (1998)
Dependency status
overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international
none
Economic aid - recipient
$3.5 million (1995)
Economy - overview
Anguilla has few natural resources, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. Increased activity in the tourism industry, which has spurred the growth of the construction sector, has contributed to economic growth. Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing the offshore financial sector, which is small, but growing. In the medium term, prospects for the economy will depend largely on the tourism sector and, therefore, on revived income growth in the industrialized nations as well as on favorable weather conditions.
Electricity - consumption
42.6 million kWh
Electricity - production
NA
Electricity - production by source
fossil fuel: NA
hydro: NA
other: NA
nuclear: NA
Elevation extremes
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Crocus Hill 65 m
Environment - current issues
supplies of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system
Ethnic groups
black (predominant), mulatto, white
Exchange rates
East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)
Executive branch
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Alan Eden HUCKLE (since 28 May 2004)
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor
head of government: Chief Minister Osbourne FLEMING (since 3 March 2000)
cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from among the elected members of the House of Assembly
Exports
$2.6 million (1999)
Exports - commodities
lobster, fish, livestock, salt, concrete blocks, rum
Exports - partners
UK, US, Puerto Rico, Saint-Martin (2000)
Fiscal year
1 April - 31 March
Flag description
blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with blue wavy water below
GDP
purchasing power parity - $104 million (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector
agriculture: 4%
industry: 18%
services: 78% (1997 est.)
GDP - per capita
purchasing power parity - $8,600 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate
2.8% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates
18 15 N, 63 10 W
Geography - note
the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles
Government type
NA
Highways
total: 105 km
paved: 65 km
unpaved: 40 km (1997)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate
NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths
NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS
NA
Household income or consumption by percentage shar
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs
transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports
$80.9 million (1999)
Imports - commodities
fuels, foodstuffs, manufactures, chemicals, trucks, textiles
Imports - partners
US, Puerto Rico, UK (2000)
Independence
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate
3.1% (1997 est.)
Industries
tourism, boat building, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate
total: 21.91 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 14.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
male: 28.72 deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
2.3%
International organization participation
Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS (associate)
Internet country code
.ai
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
16 (2000)
Internet users
3,000 (2002)
Irrigated land
NA sq km
Judicial branch
High Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court)
Labor force
6,049 (2001)
Labor force - by occupation
agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining 4%, manufacturing 3%, construction 18%, transportation and utilities 10%, commerce 36%, services 29% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries
0 km
Land use
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (mostly rock with sparse scrub oak, few trees, some commercial salt ponds) (2001)
Languages
English (official)
Legal system
based on English common law
Legislative branch
unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats total, 7 elected by direct popular vote, 2 ex officio members, and 2 appointed; members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 3 March 2000 (next to be held NA June 2005)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ANA 3, AUM 2, ADP 1, independent 1
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 76.9 years
male: 73.99 years
female: 79.91 years (2004 est.)
Literacy
definition: age 12 and over can read and write
total population: 95%
male: 95%
female: 95% (1984 est.)
Location
Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico
Map references
Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims
territorial sea: 3 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Median age
total: 30.4 years
male: 30.4 years
female: 30.3 years (2004 est.)
Merchant marine
none
Military - note
defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday
Anguilla Day, 30 May
Nationality
noun: Anguillan(s)
adjective: Anguillan
Natural hazards
frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)
Natural resources
salt, fish, lobster
Net migration rate
10.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders
Anguilla United Movement or AUM [Hubert HUGHES]; The United Front or UF [Osbourne FLEMING, Victor BANKS], a coalition of the Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP and the Anguilla National Alliance or ANA; Anguilla Patriotic Movement or APM [Quincy GUMBS]; Movement for Grassroots Democracy or MFGD [Joyce KENTISH, John BENJAMIN]
Political pressure groups and leaders
NA
Population
13,008 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line
NA
Population growth rate
1.98% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors
Blowing Point, Road Bay
Radio broadcast stations
AM 5, FM 6, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios
3,000 (1997)
Religions
Anglican 40%, Methodist 33%, Seventh-Day Adventist 7%, Baptist 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, other 12%
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female
total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Telephone system
general assessment: NA
domestic: modern internal telephone system
international: country code - 1-264; microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles)
Telephones - main lines in use
6,200 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular
1,800 (2002)
Television broadcast stations
1 (1997)
Televisions
1,000 (1997)
Terrain
flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone
Total fertility rate
1.74 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate
6.7% (2001)